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Children’s Village (CV) is a child welfare nonprofit in New York City with a 277-acre residential campus in Dobbs Ferry, New York. Founded as an orphanage named the New York Juvenile Asylum (NYJA)〔〔 on June 30, 1851,〔 it is one of America's oldest children's nonprofits.〔〔 ==History== According to Columbia University's Rare Book & Manuscript Library, the nonprofit was founded on June 30, 1851,〔 as a non-sectarian〔 *a "The official policy of the New York Juvenile Asylum was that it be non-sectarian, but Catholic leaders were suspicious of this "specious neutrality," as one of them called it. They did not want Catholic children under the control of Protestants." — ¶ 20〕 orphanage〔 *a "But it could not have happened without the Children's Village here." — ¶ 2 *b "Started in New York City in 1851 as an orphanage for homeless immigrants' children under the name the New York Juvenile Asylum..." — ¶ 3 *c "Each year it serves few orphans but more than 600 troubled boys from the mean streets of poverty and abuse in New York City and surrounding areas." — ¶ 3〕 named the New York Juvenile Asylum (NYJA), by a group of twenty-four, prominent businessmen and politicians, according to ''New York Times incorporation record: Robert B. Minturn, Myndert Van Schaick, Robert M. Stratton, Solomon Jenner, Albert Gilbert, Stewart Brown, Francis R. Tillou, David S. Kennedy, Joseph B. Collins, Benjamin F. Butler, Isaac T. Hopper, Charles Partridge, Luther Bradish, Christopher Y. Wemple, Charles O'Conor, John D. Russ, John Duer, Peter Cooper, Apollos R. Wetmore, Frederick S. Winston, James Kelly, Silas C. Herring, Rensselaer N. Havens, and John W. Edmonds.〔 *a "From the first organization of the Juvenile Asylum, its Board of Managers have taken the position that it was to be regarded as a home and not as a prison. They have been careful, therefore, to avoid, both in the construction and management, everything which might give to the children any idea of stern prison-like restraint. This view of the proper character of the Asylum has been made still more prominent under the administration of the present Superintendent. There are no punishment cells..." — ¶ 11 *b "...from the most careful inquiry, they regard suited to have the charge of such children. Six years of experience have increased their caution and watchfulness in this matter, and they now require such guarantees on the part of the masters as will, in their judgment, most conduce to the good of their wards. Regular reports are required both from the children and their masters, and the agent of the asylum visits the greater part of the children when making his trips to locate new companies. In this way, very few are lost sight of, and the results thus far, in the case of those indentured within two years past, are very gratifying." — ¶ 13 *b "On the 30th of June, 1851, the act of incorporation was passed. The corporators named in the act were Robert B. Minturn, Myndert Van Schaick, Robert M. Stratton,.Solomon Jenner, Albert Gilbert, Stewart Brown, Francis R. Tillou, David S. Kennedy, Joseph B. Collins. Benjamin F. Butler, Isaac T. Hopper, Charles Partridge, Luther Bradish, Christopher Y. Wemple, Charles O'Conor. John D. Russ, John Duer, Peter Cooper, Apollos R. Wetmore, Frederick S. Winston, James Kelly, Silas C. Herring, Rensselaer N. Havens, and John W. Edmonds." — ¶ 7〕 The incorporating group designed the asylum to house, educate, reform, and find placement for the numerous, abused,〔 neglected, and disadvantaged children on the streets of New York and decrease vagrancy. Children reached the asylum by delivery from the police for petty theft, removal from homes deemed unfit, or surrender from family too impoverished or incapacitated for childcare.〔 Starting in 1854,〔 NYJA sent many of these children to the West on orphan trains after due diligence, a trial period, and mutual satisfaction of both children and families.〔 *a "...in good homes among the farmers of Ogle and Lee Counties. Every applicant for a child was required to bring good reference, and every child was allowed to spend a week in his proposed home before the indentures were executed. During the interval, earnest and diligent inquiry was made relative to the character and standing of the applicant. If the reports were unsatisfactory, the application was declined. If the child was dissatisfied he was permitted to try a new place, and thus allowed to have a voice in the choice of his home. Our object in being thus careful was to secure for each child in the future a continuance of the kind care and sympathy of which it had been the recipient while in the Asylum." — ¶ 1〕 NYJA had a permanent agent stationed in Illinois to assist in placing children with families.〔 The asylum kept track of the children until they reached adulthood, sometimes corresponding with orphans and the families with which they were placed for years.〔 As this distinguished the organization from other controversial, children's organizations, the ''New York Times'' highly regarded the nonprofit in numerous, full-length feature articles.〔 *a "AMONG the many charity organizations of this city devoted to the care and welfare of the children of the city, it is safe to say that few, if any, show better results than those achieved by the New York Juvenile Asylum." — ¶ 1〕〔 *a "One of the most useful and deserving institutions in this City is the New-York Juvenile Asylum..." — ¶ 1〕〔〔 After operating a large, social services network that extended throughout New York City and into the towns of the West, in 1901, the trustees bought approximately 277 acres of land and held an architectural design competition for a new residential campus in Dobbs Ferry, New York.〔 In 1905, the completed design of a residential cottage cluster quickly earned the nickname, Children's Village, and won a gold medal for architecture at the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis.〔 In 1920, the nonprofit was officially renamed accordingly, and continues to operate under this name today.〔 In 1986, a psychiatry residency program was established at Children's Village as part of New York Medical College's Department of Child Psychiatry, and forty percent of the children take psychotropic medication, according to ''New York Times''.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Children's Village」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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